In most states, one city does most of the paying.
The ten biggest states by payments, September 2026. Coloured segments are the districts that make NPCI's national top 30. Gray is the rest of the state.
UPI adds the same four billion payments every year.
How many extra monthly payments UPI picked up each year, October to October. The bar is the addition; the small number is the growth rate it implies.
Only one month in ten years went backwards: April 2020.
Every month since 2018 as a cell. Colour is the change from the month before. Blue grew, orange shrank.
The average payment is shrinking. Shop payments are the reason.
Average rupees per payment, split by who is being paid: a person, or a merchant. The blended line is what NPCI's headline numbers imply.
Shops get many tiny payments. Finance gets a few big ones.
Every merchant category NPCI reports for September 2026. Width is its share of merchant payments. Height is the average ticket. Area is the money.
Every app, bank and state, ranked by the size of one payment.
Merchant categories, apps, banks and states on the same log scale of average ticket. The dashed lines are the two halves of the network from chapter 4.
PhonePe and Google Pay own 79%. The rest is growing anyway.
Share of payments by app, January 2022 to September 2026. The two incumbents are drawn in gray so the movement shows. Hover a name to isolate it.